Biology classes begin in fifth grade. Previously, this subject was called general knowledge teaching and included even more general fields. Biology is the study or science of living things. Biologists deal with living beings of all kinds, sizes and appearances. It is also about finding out how life originates and how evolution is possible, how cellular and smaller bodies work and how life interacts in nature.

The content of biology lessons in class 10 varies depending on the federal state. In some cases, the lesson content even differs between high school and junior high school. In some schools, the teacher decides to teach other content as well. Basically, however, it is about these five topics: cell biology, genetics, human biology, evolution and plants and ecology.

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Cell biology deals with the structure and functioning of cells. Mitosis, meiosis and the cell cycle – i.e. aspects of cell proliferation – are also part of it. In connection with this, the basics of heredity are usually also discussed. Genetics involves studying Mendel's rules and the structure of DNA and chromosomes.

In the field of knowledge about human biology, the main focus is on the structure of the body and how it works. How does the metabolism work and how is the eye structured? How do hormones affect various processes in the body and how is energy actually processed in the body?

How did life originate on earth and how does it continue to develop? Are humans descended from apes? These questions are part of evolutionary biology. The last section - plants and ecology - deals with the structure and functioning of plants and processes such as photosynthesis.